Judith Hahn (Bochum, Bonn): The End of Natural Law? Recent Questions concerning a modern foundation of Canon Law

Abstract

The thesis that naturalistic arguments do not serve well as validity grounds of law in modern pluralistic societies is widely represented by legal philosophers and jurists. Yet, natural law is still vivid in discourse about the foundation of Canon Law. As Canon Law legally organizes the Catholic Church as a community of believers who share a common faith, the idea of a mutual understanding of what nature is and which legal consequences can be derived from it is present in canonical legal theory. Nonetheless, also in canonistic debates, questions arise about the capacity of natural law to convincingly found the law of a modern Church. These doubts can be traced back to two reasons: First, it has to be noted that natural arguments affect the Church’s engagement in society’s dialogues and weaken its role as a voice in political discourse, insofar as many naturally grounded positions that are convincing to the Church’s teaching authority do not obtain a majority in society. Secondly, they create a conflict with the believers, who, as members of pluralistic society, increasingly refrain from unquestioningly accepting the magisterium’s findings about the nature of a matter as binding. Consequently, the faithful more and more tend to disobey ecclesial legislation. These reservations against the nature argument raise the question if other validity grounds could serve as a foundational alternative to Canon Law: Could for example culture fill the gap of nature as a foundation of Canon Law or help compensate some of the weaknesses of the nature approach? This has to be discussed by taking a closer look at the potential and limitations of a culture approach to canonist legal theory.

Curriculum Vitae

Judith Hahn studierte katholische Theologie an der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Sankt Georgen in Frankfurt am Main sowie am Londoner Heythrop College. Anschließend nahm sie das Studium des kanonischen Rechts an der Katholisch-Theologischen Fakultät der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster auf; dort wurde sie auch 2008 promoviert. Sie war als wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin an der Professur für Kirchenrecht und Kirchliche Rechtsgeschichte der Theologischen Fakultät der Katholischen Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt und am Institut für Kanonisches Recht der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster tätig. Seit 2010 hat Judith Hahn die Juniorprofessur für das Fach Kirchenrecht an der Katholisch-Theologischen Fakultät der Ruhr-Universität Bochum inne. Seit Oktober 2015 ist sie Fellow am Käte Hamburger Kolleg „Recht als Kultur“.